Do socio-cultural traits and other demographics affect outdoor recreation constraints? The case for Mesa County, Colorado

Abstract

Physical activity from outdoor recreational pursuits is well known to be beneficial and has been encouraged by the US Surgeon General.  Specific constraints, often reflected in sociocultural issues, can be impediments to individuals participating in outdoor recreational activities.  Data were collected in conjunction with the Bureau of Land Management and the Mesa County Health Department in Colorado via surveys involving 580 residents of Mesa County regarding access to outdoor recreation.  Ordinal logistic regression was used to test whether ten different constraints to outdoor recreation were important to the respondents, given their age, sex, education, race/ethnicity, native language, and residential density.  The results indicated that the probability of experiencing outdoor constraints increased with lower education, Hispanic ethnicity, native Spanish speaking, and young age.  A second model, albeit with fewer respondents, was tested to include income.  The results of the second model were similar to the first model and also showed that lower incomes were associated with a higher probability of outdoor constraints.  The results of the two models indicated that socioeconomic status was a driving factor behind constraints to outdoor recreation.